{"id":2036,"date":"2023-12-15T12:30:00","date_gmt":"2023-12-15T18:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/blog\/?p=2036"},"modified":"2023-11-20T10:26:07","modified_gmt":"2023-11-20T16:26:07","slug":"how-to-install-elasticsearch-on-debian-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/blog\/how-to-install-elasticsearch-on-debian-12\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Install Elasticsearch on Debian 12"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Elasticsearch is a document-oriented database server built with Java. It is an open-source and real-time search and analytics engine. We can also say that Elasticsearch is a NoSQL database, as it stores data in an unstructured way, where you cannot use SQL to query it. Elasticsearch is typically used to support complex queries and high-performance applications. This article aims to guide you through the installation and configuration process of Elasticsearch on Debian 12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prerequisites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/debian-cloud-vps.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Debian 12 Cloud VPS<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SSH root access or a regular system user with sudo privileges<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1. Log in via SSH<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s log in to your Debian 12 VPS through SSH as the root user or as a regular user with sudo privileges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ssh root@IP_Address -p Port_number<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you cannot log in as root, remember to substitute &#8220;root&#8221; with a user that has sudo privileges. Additionally, change \u201cIP_Address\u201d and \u201cPort_Number\u201d make sure it matches your server\u2019s respective IP address and SSH port.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can check whether you have the correct Debian version installed on your server with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># lsb_release -a<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You should get this output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">No LSB modules are available.<br>Distributor ID: Debian<br>Description: Debian GNU\/Linux 12 (bookworm)<br>Release: 12<br>Codename: bookworm<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To make sure everything is updated, let&#8217;s run the update index files command.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># apt update<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2. Install Dependencies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Almost every package we install relies on other packages to run properly or to be possible to install. Before proceeding with the other steps, we need to install the <code>apt-transport-https<\/code> package on our Debian 12 server. We will also need to install GNU PG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># apt install gnupg wget apt-transport-https<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3. Add Repository<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this step, we are going to add the Elasticsearch repository to our Debian 12 server. First of all, we need to import the GPG key. With this GPG key, it can ensure us that the software we are going to install is secure and obtained from the original and official source. Simply execute the command below to import the GPG key.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># wget -qO - https:\/\/artifacts.elastic.co\/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch | gpg --dearmor -o \/usr\/share\/keyrings\/elasticsearch.gpg<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The GPG key has been added, now we need to import the repository.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># echo \"deb [signed-by=\/usr\/share\/keyrings\/elasticsearch.gpg] https:\/\/artifacts.elastic.co\/packages\/8.x\/apt stable main\" | sudo tee \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/elastic-8.x.list<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The command above will save the repository definition to <code>\/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/elastic-8.x.list<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Please note that we do not <code>add-apt-repository<\/code> commands for several reasons. One of them is that <code>add-apt-repository<\/code> will add entries to the system&#8217;s <code>\/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/code> file rather than a clean per-repository file in <code>\/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d<\/code>. Also, older versions of <code>add-apt-repository<\/code> would always add a <code>deb-src<\/code> entry, which will cause errors because Elasticsearch does not provide a source package there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 4. Install Elasticsearch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We added the Elasticsearch repository in the previous step. Now, it is time to install the package. First, we need to update the package index files on the system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># apt update<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Finally, we can install Elasticsearch now.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># apt install elasticsearch<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Once completed, you should see an output like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">--------------------------- Security autoconfiguration information ------------------------------\n\nAuthentication and authorization are enabled.\nTLS for the transport and HTTP layers is enabled and configured.\n\nThe generated password for the elastic built-in superuser is : ynzAq21IQ3SxxfXvLn=+\n\nIf this node should join an existing cluster, you can reconfigure this with\n'\/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/bin\/elasticsearch-reconfigure-node --enrollment-token &lt;token-here&gt;'\nafter creating an enrollment token on your existing cluster.\n\nYou can complete the following actions at any time:\n\nReset the password of the elastic built-in superuser with \n'\/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/bin\/elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic'.\n\nGenerate an enrollment token for Kibana instances with \n '\/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/bin\/elasticsearch-create-enrollment-token -s kibana'.\n\nGenerate an enrollment token for Elasticsearch nodes with \n'\/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/bin\/elasticsearch-create-enrollment-token -s node'.\n\n-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n### NOT starting on installation, please execute the following statements to configure elasticsearch service to start automatically using systemd\n sudo systemctl daemon-reload\n sudo systemctl enable elasticsearch.service\n### You can start elasticsearch service by executing\n sudo systemctl start elasticsearch.service<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>As you can see in the message after the installation, Elasticsearch will not run automatically. We can execute this command below to run it now and enable it to run upon server reboot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># systemctl enable --now elasticsearch<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it! Elasticsearch should be up and running on port 9200 &#8211; you can verify it with this command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># systemctl status elasticsearch<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>It will return an output like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">\u25cf elasticsearch.service - Elasticsearch<br>Loaded: loaded (\/lib\/systemd\/system\/elasticsearch.service; enabled; preset: enabled)<br>Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-10-18 06:15:12 EDT; 24min ago<br>Docs: https:\/\/www.elastic.co<br>Main PID: 457 (java)<br>Tasks: 64 (limit: 2265)<br>Memory: 1.4G<br>CPU: 55.749s<br>CGroup: \/system.slice\/elasticsearch.service<br>\u251c\u2500457 \/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/jdk\/bin\/java -Xms4m -Xmx64m -XX:+UseSerialGC -Dcli.name=server -Dcli.script=\/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/bin\/elasticsearch -Dc&gt;<br>\u251c\u2500815 \/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/jdk\/bin\/java -Des.networkaddress.cache.ttl=60 -Des.networkaddress.cache.negative.ttl=10 -Djava.security.manager=allow -XX:&gt;<br>\u2514\u2500834 \/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/modules\/x-pack-ml\/platform\/linux-x86_64\/bin\/controller<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 5. Configure Elasticsearch<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The Elasticsearch service is running now. It is time to configure it, and in this article we will configure Elastic to run as a single node and we will reset the &#8216;elastic&#8217; user password.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># nano \/etc\/elasticsearch\/elasticsearch.yml<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Find this line <strong><code>cluster.initial_master_nodes: [\"YOURHOSTNAME\"]<\/code><\/strong> then comment it and add this line: <strong><code>discovery.type: single-node<\/code><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It should look like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">#cluster.initial_master_nodes: [\"debian12\"]\ndiscovery.type: single-node<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, restart Elasticsearch to apply the changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># systemctl restart elasticsearch<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>That&#8217;s it, Elasticsearch is running as a single node now. Next, let&#8217;s reset elastic&#8217;s password.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># \/usr\/share\/elasticsearch\/bin\/elasticsearch-reset-password -u elastic<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The command above will prompt you that it will print the new password in the console, press Y to continue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It returns this output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">This tool will reset the password of the [elastic] user to an autogenerated value.\nThe password will be printed in the console.\nPlease confirm that you would like to continue [y\/N]y\n\nPassword for the [elastic] user successfully reset.\nNew value: TPTP5lRkKuH6wohvk43C<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>With the new password, we can run this command to check its connection to the Elasticsearch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># curl -u \"elastic:TPTP5lRkKuH6wohvk43C\" https:\/\/localhost:9200 -k<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The command will return an output like this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">{\n  \"name\" : \"debian12\",\n  \"cluster_name\" : \"elasticsearch\",\n  \"cluster_uuid\" : \"otdQc0xFR_6YvLgemcaxOg\",\n  \"version\" : {\n    \"number\" : \"8.10.4\",\n    \"build_flavor\" : \"default\",\n    \"build_type\" : \"deb\",\n    \"build_hash\" : \"b4a62ac808e886ff032700c391f45f1408b2538c\",\n    \"build_date\" : \"2023-10-11T22:04:35.506990650Z\",\n    \"build_snapshot\" : false,\n    \"lucene_version\" : \"9.7.0\",\n    \"minimum_wire_compatibility_version\" : \"7.17.0\",\n    \"minimum_index_compatibility_version\" : \"7.0.0\"\n  },\n  \"tagline\" : \"You Know, for Search\"\n}<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>An additional crucial configuration is the jvm.options. It is possible to generate a file within the <code>\/etc\/elasticsearch\/jvm.options.d\/<\/code> directory. By default, Elasticsearch automatically determines the JVM heap size according to a node&#8217;s role and the total memory available. It is advisable to utilize the default sizing for the majority of production environments. Let&#8217;s create a new configuration file to set the Java heap size.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># nano \/etc\/elasticsearch\/jvm.options.d\/memory.conf<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then add these lines to set it to 4GB, you can use a higher value if you have more RAM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">-Xms4g<br>-Xmx4g<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save the file, then exit. Please note that setting the minimum and maximum JVM heap space size to the same value is highly recommended. Do not forget to restart the service every time changes are made.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"># systemctl restart elasticsearch<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Congratulations on successfully installing and configuring Elasticsearch on your Debian 12 system!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If you found this post helpful in learning how to install and set up Elasticsearch on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/debian-cloud-vps.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Debian 12 Cloud VPS<\/a>, please consider sharing it with your friends on social media using the share buttons below. Alternatively, you can leave a comment in the section provided. Thank you.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Elasticsearch is a document-oriented database server built with Java. It is an open-source and real-time search and analytics engine. We can also say that Elasticsearch is a NoSQL database, as it stores data in an unstructured way, where you cannot use SQL to query it. Elasticsearch is typically used to support complex queries and high-performance &#8230; <a title=\"How to Install Elasticsearch on Debian 12\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/blog\/how-to-install-elasticsearch-on-debian-12\/\" aria-label=\"More on How to Install Elasticsearch on Debian 12\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2082,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[272,271,13],"tags":[110,293],"class_list":["post-2036","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-databases","category-debian","category-tutorials","tag-debian","tag-elasticsearch"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Install Elasticsearch on Debian 12 | LinuxCloudVPS Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Elasticsearch is a document-oriented database server built with Java. 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