{"id":653,"date":"2017-11-10T07:05:54","date_gmt":"2017-11-10T13:05:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/blog\/?p=653"},"modified":"2018-01-31T08:56:21","modified_gmt":"2018-01-31T14:56:21","slug":"how-to-disable-ssh-password-authentication-on-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/blog\/how-to-disable-ssh-password-authentication-on-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Disable SSH Password authentication on Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In this tutorial we will take a look at how we can disable SSH password authentication on a Linux VPS and setup SSH key-based authentication as this is considered a good security practice.We tested this tutorial on an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/cloud-vps.html\">Ubuntu 16.04 VPS<\/a>, although it should work with any distribution of your choice as well.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2>1. Log in to your VPS<\/h2>\n<p>Let&#8217;s start by logging in to your Linux VPS using the ssh command:<\/p>\n<pre># ssh root@your-server-ip<\/pre>\n<h2>2. Create a new user account<\/h2>\n<p>Best practice would be to create a new user account so if somebody gets their hands on your key and uses your key to log in to this account they will still have to type in a password to get root permissions.<\/p>\n<p>First make sure sudo is installed, for Debian\/Ubuntu based distributions type:<\/p>\n<pre># apt-get update\r\n# apt-get install -y sudo<\/pre>\n<p>For CentOS\/RHEL based distributions type:<\/p>\n<pre># yum install -y sudo<\/pre>\n<p>For Debian\/Ubuntu use the following command to create a new user and add it to the sudo group:<\/p>\n<pre># useradd -m -s \/bin\/bash -G sudo linuxcloudvps<\/pre>\n<p>For CentOS\/RHEL you need to add the user in the wheel group, enter this command instead of the command above:<\/p>\n<pre># useradd -m -s \/bin\/bash -G wheel linuxcloudvps<\/pre>\n<p>Now set a password for the user we just created:<\/p>\n<pre># passwd linuxcloudvps\r\n\r\nEnter new UNIX password:\r\nRetype new UNIX password:\r\npasswd: password updated successfully\r\n<\/pre>\n<h2>3. Create and copy the SSH keys<\/h2>\n<p>This command must be executed on your local machine and will ask you for a passphrase, if you enter a passphrase for your key you will be asked for the passphrase on every SSH session you make to your VPS, let&#8217;s generate the key:<\/p>\n<pre># ssh-keygen -t rsa\r\n\r\nGenerating public\/private rsa key pair.\r\nEnter file in which to save the key (\/home\/linuxcloudvps\/.ssh\/id_rsa):\r\nCreated directory &#039;\/home\/linuxcloudvps\/.ssh&#039;.\r\nEnter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):\r\nEnter same passphrase again:\r\nYour identification has been saved in \/home\/linuxcloudvps\/.ssh\/id_rsa.\r\nYour public key has been saved in \/home\/linuxcloudvps\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub.\r\nThe key fingerprint is:\r\nSHA256:MYLCbBV380UpUoexHNn1cMOtHomLK4zk8T+9BJU\/pyM linuxcloudvps@your-server-hostname\r\nThe key&#039;s randomart image is:\r\n+---[RSA 2048]----+\r\n|    o.. o.+*+o+.o|\r\n| o . o ..++=o. =o|\r\n|  = . . o.+.o. o.|\r\n| . .   . o ...+  |\r\n|        S .. oo..|\r\n|      o   ... .+ |\r\n|     o =   oE o  |\r\n|      o + o... . |\r\n|         o....   |\r\n+----[SHA256]-----+\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Now copy the key to your Linux VPS:<\/p>\n<pre># ssh-copy-id -i ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub linuxcloudvps@your-server-ip\r\n\r\n\/usr\/local\/bin\/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: &quot;\/home\/linuxcloudvps\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub&quot;\r\n\/usr\/local\/bin\/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed\r\n\/usr\/local\/bin\/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys\r\nlinuxcloudvps@your-server-ip&#039;s password: \r\n\r\nNumber of key(s) added:        1\r\n\r\nNow try logging into the machine, with:   &quot;ssh &#039;linuxcloudvps@your-server-ip&#039;&quot;\r\nand check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Try to login with the key and see if the key-based authentication works now:<\/p>\n<pre># ssh linuxcloudvps@your-server-ip<\/pre>\n<p>You should see the welcoming message of your chosen distribution, in our case that&#8217;s Ubuntu 16.04:<\/p>\n<pre>Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS (GNU\/Linux 2.6.32-042stab120.11 x86_64)\r\n\r\n * Documentation:  https:\/\/help.ubuntu.com\r\n * Management:     https:\/\/landscape.canonical.com\r\n * Support:        https:\/\/ubuntu.com\/advantage\r\n\r\nThe programs included with the Ubuntu system are free software;\r\nthe exact distribution terms for each program are described in the\r\nindividual files in \/usr\/share\/doc\/*\/copyright.\r\n\r\nUbuntu comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by\r\napplicable law.\r\n\r\nlinuxcloudvps@your-server-hostname:~$\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Test if you can obtain root permissions by entering the following command:<\/p>\n<pre># sudo su<\/pre>\n<p>Sudo will ask for a password, enter the password you set above for the linuxcloudvps user.<br \/>\nIf everything goes well you can proceed to the next step.<\/p>\n<h2>4. Disable SSH password authentication and root login<\/h2>\n<p>Now we will edit the file &#8220;\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config&#8221; to disable SSH password and root login:<\/p>\n<pre>nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/pre>\n<p>Find and change the following settings to no:<\/p>\n<pre>PermitRootLogin no\r\nChallengeResponseAuthentication no\r\nPasswordAuthentication no\r\nUsePAM no\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>Save and exit the file, reload the configuration of the SSH server with the following command:<\/p>\n<pre># service sshd reload<\/pre>\n<h2>5. Verification<\/h2>\n<p>Now test to see if you disabled root login successfully:<\/p>\n<pre># ssh root@your-server-ip\r\nPermission denied (publickey).<\/pre>\n<p>And then test if you have disabled SSH password authentication successfully:<\/p>\n<pre># ssh linuxcloudvps@your-server-ip\r\nPermission denied (publickey).<\/pre>\n<p>That&#8217;s it, now you&#8217;ve successfully disabled SSH password authentication and enabled SSH key-based authentication on your Linux VPS.\u00a0Your Linux server will only accept key based login, including the root user.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Disabling SSH password authentication on a Linux VPS is an easy task if you have a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/cloud-vps.html\">VPS Hosting with us.<\/a> Feel free to ask our expert Linux Administrators to help you <strong>disable SSH password authentication<\/strong> on your Linux server for you, and it will be taken care of immediately. They are available 24\u00d77, so you can get the help you need at any time.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>PS<\/strong><\/span>. Feel free to share this blog post if you liked it by using the social network shortcuts \u2013 you can also leave a comment instead in the comment section under the share buttons.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this tutorial we will take a look at how we can disable SSH password authentication on a Linux VPS and setup SSH key-based authentication as this is considered a good security practice.We tested this tutorial on an Ubuntu 16.04 VPS, although it should work with any distribution of your choice as well.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":654,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[27,132,122,121],"class_list":["post-653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tutorials","tag-linux","tag-linuxcloudvps","tag-root","tag-ssh"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast 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authentication as this is\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/blog\/how-to-disable-ssh-password-authentication-on-linux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"LinuxCloudVPS Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/LinuxCloudVPS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-11-10T13:05:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-01-31T14:56:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.linuxcloudvps.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/How-to-Disable-SSH-Password-authentication-on-Linux.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" 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